Socratic Justice And The Trial And Death Of Socrates

Socratic Justice is defined as the argumentative reasoning that relies on fairness and justice and ultimately doing what is best for your country. In this paper I will explain how Socratic Justice plays a big role in The Trial and Death of Socrates. I will also go into detail about the differences between Machiavelli’s views of government as opposed to Socrates’s. Socrates and Machiavelli are two the greatest philosophers known today. Both had an effective way of showing and standing up for what they believe in. While both men were very intelligent, Socrates and Machiavelli differ with their views on justice. Socrates defines justice as doing what is best for the wellbeing of his country. Socrates shows this when given the chance to flee the country he refuses because he feels it will affect the wellbeing of his people. â€Å"See what follows from this: if we leave here without the city’s permission, are we harming the people whom we should least do harm to? Are we sticking to a just agreement, or not?† (Plato, Crito, 50a) Whereas Machiavelli believes that justice doesn’t just happen like Socrates did. Machiavelli believes that justice must be fought for and believes the fighter makes the definition of justice. â€Å"A prince should therefore have no other aim or thought, nor take up any other thing for his study but war and it organization and discipline, for that is the only art that is necessary to one who commands† (Machiavelli, ch14) One main difference between Socrates andShow MoreRelatedThe Complicated Life of Socrates1183 Words   |  5 PagesSocrates was a classical Greek philosopher that was born in Athens, Greece around 470/469 BC. He served in the Athenian army and fought in many battles. When Socrates retired from fighting in the army, he began focusing on expressing his beliefs. 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Complex Patients Case 2 Si Dysfunction And Lbp - 5175 Words

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Hybrid Fuzzy Pid Control For Bldc Motor †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Hybrid Fuzzy Pid Control For Bldc Motor? Answer: Introducation Motor stands as a very basic part from very small electronic device to a huge electronic device and for the larger and high powered electronic devices, high performance of the motor becomes vital, especially, in the industrial applications, like electric trains, steel rolling mills and robotics, where the basic functionality of the device would be majorly dependent on the performance and reliability of the motor. Eventually, a decent motor drive system with higher performance demand the vital features, such as load regulating response, command tracking with good dynamics speed, to achieve the reliable and expected performance, for longer period of time. DC drives act as the best and ideal solution for these industrial requirements, for their ease of application, favourable cost, high reliabilities and flexibilities and so are considered as the backbone of the home appliances, robot manipulators and industrial applications. The matching in all these applications by DC drives is becaus e of the requirements of control of position and speed of the motor. The complexity of the DC drives is lesser than that of the AC drives, because the characteristic of speed torque of them, is much more than AC drives. In addition to that, DC motors have tremendous speed control for deceleration and acceleration and are available at less expensive cost, for even higher ratings of horsepower. All it needs is just a single system for conversion of power to DC from AC. DC drives has become a tradition in the industrial applications and home appliances, because of the machines that are adjustable with speed and various features. The logic for the match of the applications is that DC drives allows the designers and developers of the existing and new electronic applications, for the precise control of the speed of the motor, for the desired performance. The speed controllers have been the key to performance, of the motors, because of DC motor speed control can execute numerous varied tas ks, from conventional controller types and numeric controller types. These speed controllers in application are usually of FLC (Fuzzy Logic Controller), PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) and PI (Proportional Integral) and combination of these controllers, such as Fuzzy Genetics Algorithm, Fuzzy=Neural Networks, Fuzzy Swarm[1]. The majority of the control system in the electronic industry in the world is operated by the PID (Proportional Integral Derivative), over 95% of the industrial process control applications. The dominated use of the PID in these applications is because of the unmatchable simplicity, applicability and clear functionality and ease of use, compared to the other controllers[2]. Hence, the PID controllers provide reliable performance and robust performance, for the electronic systems, when apt usage of the parameters and tuning of the PID is set. However, there are certain major issues associated with the control algorithm, used conventionally, such as PID, PD, PI, for the DC motors, is non-linearity effects. The conventional controllers performance can be degraded by the DC motors non-linear characteristics, like fictions and saturation, etc.[3]. It is generally, difficult find the actual DC motors non-linear model and only approximated values can be obtained for the parameters, from systems identification. Background Fuzzy Logic Control Fuzzy Logic Control has been introduced and developed in 1973, by L.A. Zadeh and started its application, in 1974, by Mamdani, as an attempt to control system, which have difficulty in modelling structurally. And FLC has become one of the significant fuzzy set theory applications and has been spreading in recent years, with rapid progress. The progress of the FLC has become fruitful and extremely active area of research, having numerous industrial applications. Hence, the FLC has been evolved as a complementary and best alternative to the control strategies used conventionally, in different areas of engineering. The best part is thwat the theory of fuzzy control provides non-linear controllers, having the capability to perform various non-linear complex control action, also for nonlinear systems that are uncertain. FLC design demands no precise system model knowledge, like systems zero and poles of transfer functions, unlike the conventional control. Fuzzy control system have the two critical inputs, in its design, that are rate change of the error and tracking error, in the way of human learning imitation[4]. Advantages FLC provide the advantages, as the following. Faster system response Simplicity in the design Provides hint of intelligence of human to the controller Needs no mathematical modelling, related to the system Cost effective Increased reliability of the system Increased precision degree Easy handling of the non-linearity of the system Makes use of linguistic variables, in place of numerical ones Having all the above advantages, fuzzy controllers are allowed in the systems, where the process parameters identification with parameters and process description are highly difficult. Thus, control mechanism can be obtained by the fuzzy characteristics [13]. Challenges Of Fuzzy Techniques Fuzzy logic has been experiencing continued success in wider range of applications and so gaining acceptance, in the community of the control engineering, but, there are certain inherent difficulties of the fuzzy techniques, in terms of approaching difficulties, that have been restricting them to grow. The difficulties of the fuzzy techniques are as the following that face the difficultness in the development of the applications. Difficulties to select appropriate function shapes of membership Difficulties to fuzzy rules development, by hand, when larger systems are considered Difficulties, in terms of fuzzy solutions fine tuning, when certain degree and levels of accuracy are specified, and when the robustness or reliability has to be guaranteed, of the solutions. The method of trial and error, still stands to be the basic method, towards expert knowledge improvement, for stable and tuned fuzzy controller development. Fuzzy Logic Applications Subway train Enhances the accuracy of stop and increases the stable drive with evaluation of conditions of passenger traffic. Gives a better and smoother stop and smoother start Video camcorder Determination of the best lighting and focusing, during the picture movement Television Higher precision of adjustment of colour, brightness and contrast, related to the picture, to the please viewers Motor control Enhances and improves the motion control range and accuracy, when unexpected conditions are occurred Washing machine Making adjustment of the washing cycle, through fabric type, load size and dirt judgement Objective The project has the following objectives. To model the existed BLDC DC motor, separately To control of the speed of BLDC DC motor through typical conventional methods of controlling To control the speed of the BLDC DC motor, with the controller of FUZZY-PID To analyze the MFs sensitivity, evaluation and comparison, considering difference kinds of them, in the speed control of the fuzzy PID BLDC DC motor To compare the various techniques of the speed controlling Problem Statement When the typical control techniques are considered, the usage of the PID controller was to use as a structure of standard control. Because of this external disturbances and variation of parameters, in this process, the industrial machinery performance would be distorted greatly and it results in the reduction of the efficiency. When the new control technique is considered, with the fuzzy and PID controllers, using as a conventional technique extension, as it preserves the PID controller linear structure. The fuzzy and PID controllers have been designed, with the fuzzy logic control basic principle, towards gaining a new controller, similar to the controllers of the digital PID, possessing analytical formulas. The fuzzy PID controllers possess control gains varied, in linear structure of them. Varied error signal rages and errors nonlinear functions are some of the variable gains and eventually helps in overall performance improvement, because of characteristics features of them, such as, mechanism of self-tuning that can be adaptable towards rapid error changes and error rate of change, by effects of time delays, uncertainties and nonlinearities, related to the process[5]. A remarkable disadvantage possessed by these fuzzy logic based methods is the appropriate tools lacking, for the analysis of performance of the controllers, like robustness, optimality, stability, etc. One of the significant things is to have the right choice of the rule based and membership functions parameters, due to the fact that the control of the fuzzy logic, stands similar to the control algorithm, stands on the strategy of linguistic control, deriving from the knowledge of expert, into the strategy of automatic control. The FLC operation is according to the qualitative knowledge, regarding the controlling system. It needs the application of the adequate experience and knowledge, to ensure good response, obtained by the system. The application of PID controller cannot be with the system, having faster parameters change, as it demands PID contrast change, in terms of time. Hence, further study of the Fuzzy controllers and PID controller possible combinations. It indicates that the system has to be controlled well, by PID that is in turn supervised by the system of fuzzy[6]. There are various kinds of MF (Membership Functions) proposed for the system of fuzzy control. The provision of MFs custom design is possible, in certain software of the fuzzy control. The fuzzy control literature gives indication of various kinds of MFs applications[7]. References Zhoa Jin and K. Bose, Bimal Evaluation Of Membership Function For Fuzzy Logic Controlled Induction Motor. Varun Varuneet, Bhargavi G. and Suneet Nayak, Speed Control Of Induction Motor UsingFuzzy Logic Approach. Malhotra Rahul and Kaur Tejbeer, Dc Motor Control Using Fuzzy Logic Controller, (Ijaest) International Journal Of Advanced Engineering Sciences And Technologies Vol No. 8, Issue No. 2, 291 296. Alloua Bomediene and Abderrahamani ABdessalam, Neuro-Fuzzy DC Motor speed Control Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Leonaro Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies ISSN,1583-1078. Pattaradej Thana, Chen Guanrong and Sooraksa Pitikhate, Design and Implementation of Fuzzy PID Control of a bicycle robot, (Integrated computer-aided engineering, (2002) Vol.9, No.4, Zhang, N. Wang and S. Wang, A developed method of tuning PID controllers with fuzzy rules for integrating process, ( 2004) Proceedings of the American Control Conference, Boston, pp. 1109-1114. J. Chalmers, Influence of saturation in brushless permanent magnet drives, (IEE proc. B, 1992), Electr.Power Appl, vol.139, no.1. H. Ang, G. Chong and Y. Li, PID control system analysis, design and technology, (IEEE transaction on Control System Technology, 2005), Vol.13, No.4, pp. 559-576. Tushir Meena, Srivastava Smriti, Design And Simulation Of A Novel Clustering Based Fuzzy Controller For DC Motor Speed Control,( Innovative Systems Design And Engineering, 2011) ISSN 2222-1727 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2871 (Online) Vol 2, No 7, Chow and A. Menozzi, On The Comparison Of Emerging And Conventional Techniques For DC Motor Control (proc.IECON, 1992) PP.1008- 1013,. Essam Natsheh, Khalid A. Buragga, Comparison between Conventional and Fuzzy Logic PID Controllers for Controlling DC Motors, (2010) IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 5. Haytham M. Fayek, I. Elamvazuthi, Type-2 Fuzzy Logic PI (T2FLPI) Based DC Servomotor Control, (2012) Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(5):2564- 2574. Dr. R. Arulmozhiyal,R. Kandiban, An Intelligent Speed Controller for Brushless DC Motor, 978-1-4577-2119-9/12,2012,IEEE. Malkeet Saini,Neeraj Sharma, Speed Control of Separately excited D.C Motor Using Computional Method, (2012) Vol 1 Issue 7. [1] BomedieneAlloua and ABdessalamAbderrahamani, Neuro-Fuzzy DC Motor speed Control Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Leonaro Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies ISSN,1583-1078. [2] J. Zhang, N. Wang and S. Wang, A developed method of tuning PID controllers with fuzzy rules for integrating process, ( 2004) Proceedings of the American Control Conference, Boston, , pp. 1109-1114 [3] B.J. Chalmers, Influence of saturation in brushless permanent magnet drives, ( 1992) IEE proc. B, Electr.Power Appl, vol.139, no.1. [4] Thana Pattaradej, Guanrong Chen and PitikhateSooraksa, "Design and Implementation of Fuzzy PID Control of a bicycle robot", (2002) Integrated computer-aided engineering, Vol.9, No.4. [5] Rahul Malhotra,Tejbeer Kaur, Dc Motor Control Using Fuzzy Logic Controller, (Ijaest) International Journal Of Advanced Engineering Sciences And Technologies Vol No. 8, Issue No. 2, 291 296. [6] Varuneet Varun, G. Bhargavi, Suneet Nayak, Speed Control Of Induction Motor UsingFuzzy Logic Approach. [7] Tushir Meena, Srivastava Smriti, Design And Simulation Of A Novel Clustering Based Fuzzy Controller For DC Motor Speed Control, (2011) Innovative Systems Design And Engineering, ISSN 2222-1727 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2871 (Online) Vol 2, No 7.

Smartphones and Social Media Essay Example

Smartphones and Social Media Essay Advances in technology have changed the way humans think and act. Some people will say new technology makes life easier and other people will agree life was simpler before all of this new age technology. A few advances that are very common nowadays are smartphones and social media. These two modern day inventions have a major effect on society and are major influences on human learning today. Most important and popular news are broadcasted on social media such as breaking news, music, celebrities and these smartphones make life easier and you can access these social networks, also the internet itself; where you can virtually find anything. So, you can say these two inventions complement each other. Smartphones Effect on Society and Human Learning The Good and the Bad Smartphones are arguably one of the biggest and most used technologies of this day and age. Smartphones effect on human learning is major since they are so popular. These devices allow you to surf the internet fast and contact people faster; not to mention interact with people in different ways by text, video messages and video chats. Smartphones opens everyone to a new whole world filled with helpful apps but also dangers like an addiction. The use of smartphones can be seen as addicting to the younger generation that’s growing more and more every day. People addicted to smartphones push toward instant satisfaction rather than long-term satisfaction. Their impulsive nature from addiction slows self-regulated learning and also shows a decrease in learning flow compared to non-addicts (Kim, 2014). We will write a custom essay sample on Smartphones and Social Media specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Smartphones and Social Media specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Smartphones and Social Media specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Many of the people who use smartphones are a part of the younger generation around the age of a college student. College students use them for several different things; some follow trends, search for information, communicate with friends or use smartphones to pass the time. These devices can be addicting, but smartphones can also preserve social ties. Individuals that use these

Colloid Examples in Chemistry

Colloid Examples in Chemistry Colloids are uniform mixtures that dont separate or settle out. While colloidal mixtures are generally considered to be homogeneous mixtures, they often display heterogeneous quality when viewed on the microscopic scale. There are two parts to every colloid mixture: the particles and the dispersing medium. The colloid particles are solids or liquids that are suspended in the medium. These particles are larger than molecules, distinguishing a colloid from a solution. However, the particles in a colloid are smaller than those found in a suspension.  In smoke, for examples, solid particles from combustion  are suspended in a gas. Here are several other examples of colloids: Aerosols foginsecticide spraycloudssmokedust Foams whipped creamshaving cream Solid Foams marshmallowsStyrofoam Emulsions milkmayonnaiselotion Gels gelatinbutterjelly Sols inkrubberliquid detergentshampoo Solid Sols pearlgemstonessome colored glasssome alloys How to Tell a Colloid From a Solution or Suspension At first glance, it may seem difficult to distinguish between a colloid, solution, and suspension, since you cant usually tell the size of the particles simply by looking at the mixture. However, there are two easy ways to identify a colloid: Components of a suspension separate over time. Solutions and colloids dont separate.If you shine a beam of light into a colloid, it displays the Tyndall effect, which makes the beam of light visible in the colloid because light is scattered by the particles. An example of the Tyndall effect is the visibility of light from car headlamps through fog. How Colloids Are Formed Colloids usually form one of two ways: Droplets of particles may be dispersed into another medium by spraying, milling, high-speed mixing, or shaking.Small dissolved particles may be condensed into colloidal particles by redox reactions, precipitation, or condensation.

Ufos exist Essays - Ufology, Unidentified Flying Object, Free Essays

Ufos exist Essays - Ufology, Unidentified Flying Object, Free Essays Ufos exist The Existence of UFOs is Real? Was that merely a shooting star streaking across the night sky, or was it a glimpse of some sort of alien aircraft? I believe that we are not the only intelligent life forms that exist in this vast universe, and it is my opinion that the earth has been visited by extraterrestrial beings. Sightings of unusual aerial phenomena date back to ancient times, but only after 1947, have UFOs been widely discussed because of publication worldwide. Moreover, many things support this concept of UFOs existence such as sightings, crop circles, encounters, and abductions. Furthermore, Area 51, which is a top-secret military facility that the government would not discuss about to the public, has been at the center of the UFO existence controversy for many years. The government denies its existence, but how do you explain the 240 or more white Jeep Cherokees patrolling an area that does not exist? This and many other factors are what contribute to the mystique of the highly restricted place called Ar ea 51 and the existence of flying saucers known as UFOs. Although, there is no official data or record about the UFO sighting, according to folk tales, it can be said that people does observed such flying objects since historic times. The first sighting of UFOs is marked since the late 1800 by most of the researchers. Private pilot Kenneth Arnold made the most famous and prominent UFO sighting in the year 1947. In addition, he claimed to observe nine circular objects in the skies over the state of Washington and described these objects like saucers skipping over water. There the term Flying Saucer was born. This event led to the reporting of similar reports in different parts of the world at different times. Moreover, according to a rough estimate, about 60% of such reports are hoax or due to some other reasons. While, some of the objects noticed in the sky were definitely Nguyen 2 astronomical in nature like comets and asteroids. However, some UFOs reporting were also a result of disillusion like clouds. There are certain natural phenomenons that give rise to various hypothetical shapes formation on the astronomical horizons. Most of these halos are also perceived by naked eyes and are called as UFOs by populace. Since 1947 there have been UFO sightings in almost every country sometimes there is something called a UFO wave, which for a short time UFO sighting increases rapidly in one certain area. For instance, UFO waves occurred in Italy in 1954 and in the United States in 1947. Furthermore, nobody can explain anything about these waves and attempts to link them with hysteria, mentality and stress have all failed. However, a good amount of 40% cases are still left to be researched. There are enough evidences that rule out all the possible human errors, psychological aspect and hallucinations. In addition, the reports do claim the presence of extra terrestrial components in the earth's atmosphere on scientific analysis. There are also people that often report the marks that are supposedly left by an alien spaceship at grounds, known as trace case. Such incidents are reported mainly by the inhabitants of remote and rural areas. Furthermore, similar evidence to support the reality of abduction events has been lacking or relatively uncompelling but the physical evidence events such as trace case has been more successful. For instance, a trace case that occurred near Trans-en-Provence, France, on January 8, 1981. The witness was working in his garden when he heard a low whistling sound. Upon turning around, he saw an ovoid object in the sky that approached the terrace at the bottom of the garden an d landed. The witness moved forward cautiously to observe the strange phenomenon but, within a minute, the object rose and moved away in the same direction from which it had arrived. It continued to emit a low whistle. The witness approached the scene of the apparent landing and observed circular depressions, separated by a crown, on the ground. Scientists and researchers are working extensively to mark the presence of life on other planets and their possible intervention in earth's atmosphere. However, no significant milestone has yet been reached by any of the

What insights, if any, can the writings of Michael Foucault provide Outline

What insights, if any, can the writings of Michael Foucault provide for the student of medieval 'outsiders' - Outline Example Perhaps one of the main contributors to the body of knowledge includes Michel Foucault. Indeed, his exploration of science, philosophy, history and a host of other fields generated useful insights that inform current decisions in the academic sphere. It is against this background that this paper underscores contributions of Michel Foucault that are informative to the student of medieval ‘outsider’. Foucault posits that the disappearance of the social problem of leprosy paved way to insanity2. Initially during the 1500s, mad people were secluded from the society and sent away in ‘ship of fools’3. According to Foucault, leprosy was a complex phenomenon whose occurrence was beyond the physical incapacitation6. From a medical point of view, the populations that were affected by it suffered immensely. The then societies feared the disease because of the medical implications that were associated with it. Just like mad people, lepers were secluded form the society The resultant gap made it possible for populations to carry on with the practice of seclusion. Gradually, mad people started being given a similar treatment. In essence, they were considered social outcasts and were exposed to brutal treatment9. Foucault believes that discipline and punishment gives the persons in authority power over an individual who is punished10. Power in this regard is defined by professional knowledge thus judges, parole officers and the police are powerful. The degree and length of the disciplinary measure is depended on the decisions that are made by individuals in power11. These also determine the type of punishment that need to be reflective of the type of wrong that is committed by the prisoner. Discipline and punishment play distinct social and political roles of: Human sexuality has a direct influence on social as well as political power structuring16. The procedures and